Gaslight, Thorold Dickinson, 1939
Repression, Obsession and Insanity
This atmospheric thriller is set in the well-ordered society of Victorian England, where class and propriety are of utmost importance. The tight suspense of the storyline is matched by the excellent performances of the cast, especially Anton Walbrook as the repressed patriarch.
Thorold Dickinson has created a heavy, intense atmosphere with fog, shadows and soft lighting as well as the recurring motif of gaslights. The interiors are decorated with heavy patterned wallpaper and cluttered with Victorian paraphernalia which creates a sense of repression. This feeling is further enhanced by judicious use of extreme close-ups and unusual camera angles. The frequent shots of stairs make the sets seem tall and narrow and add to the claustrophobic feeling.
The characters are a further expression of class, society and repression. Mr Mallen (Anton Walbrook) is dark and inflexible. His sense of order must be obeyed and he enjoys exerting his power over the women in the house. He is slowly driving his wife insane now that he has her money. He begins a frivolous affair with parlour maid Nancy (Cathleen Cordell) but ensures she knows her place. Mrs Mallen (Diana Wynyard) is soft, feminine and delicate. She is filmed peering through windows, curtains and shadows as though behind bars. Isolated from her family, trapped by the dominating patriarchal society (and a sense of propriety!) she is totally subservient to her husband. Mr Rough (Frank Pettingell) represents the classless man – an eccentric who damns convention and therefore has freedom. He exposes Mr Mallen as a ‘criminal maniac’ and sets Mrs Mallen free.
Anton Walbrook’s cultivated Austrian accent and overbearing presence creates a truly frightening character. His voice betrays his sadistic and violent nature beneath his rigid composure. His piercing, cold eyes and tight lips reveal his contempt for his suffering wife “You will die, raving in an asylum!” His loss of composure at the end is spectacular as his violence is unleashed – laughing without restraint before throwing a chair and bashing Jimmy Hanley’s head repeatedly on the floor. Diana Wynyard is marvellous as the suffering Mrs Mallen, who truly believes that she is going insane. Her delicately pale features, her soft voice and innocent eyes reveal her torment. She withers beneath Walbrook’s intense gaze. However, the roles are reversed at the end, when Mallen is tied up she torments him, “Knife? What knife?” The camera angle is such that the knife disappears and reappears – before she leans into Mallen, holding the glinting blade by his face…
MGM took this tight British thriller and remade it into a glossy Hollywood melodrama – removing all elements of Victorian repression and therefore diminishing its power. Ingrid Bergman’s hysterical performance and Charles Boyer’s languid charm could not recreate the torment and sadism of the original.
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